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Vagrant Cascadian pushed to branch master at <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website">Reproducible Builds / reproducible-website</a>

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Commits:

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<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/04eb01ff38b6afd71d1a227b15dcb09b9d4c7100">04eb01ff</a></strong>

<div>

<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-09-25T16:14:40-07:00 </i>

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<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>Add images to Kees Cook spotlight and various corrections.

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3 changed files:

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<a href="#de4aecdd8f10878d8ebc29b958bf452fbf8f3a58">

_posts/2024-08-01-supporter-spotlight-kees-cook.md

</a>

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<a href="#0b4910d0368344bf6a4b0eb294fe91d4af6f8d9e">

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+

images/news/supporter-spotlight-kees-cook/kees.jpg

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</a>

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<a href="#c7aaf60093b802cbe6abe59ee35ae06b613278b4">

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images/news/supporter-spotlight-kees-cook/linux-kernel-security.png

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Changes:

</h4>

<li id="de4aecdd8f10878d8ebc29b958bf452fbf8f3a58">

<a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/04eb01ff38b6afd71d1a227b15dcb09b9d4c7100#de4aecdd8f10878d8ebc29b958bf452fbf8f3a58"><strong style="font-weight: 600;">_posts/2024-08-01-supporter-spotlight-kees-cook.md</strong></a>

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<td class="line_content match" style="color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbfafd">@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ categories: org</td>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC6" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">draft</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kc" style="font-weight: 600;">true</span></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="7" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC7" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nn" style="color: #555;">---</span></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="8" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC8" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="9" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="9" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC9" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">![</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;"><span class="idiff left deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">https://placehold.co/185x140#right</span></span><span class="p"><span class="idiff deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">)</span></span><span class="idiff right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">](FIXME</span>)</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="9" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC9" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">![</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;"><span class="idiff left addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">{{</span></span><span class="idiff addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> </span><span class="nn" style="color: #555;"><span class="idiff addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">"/images/news/supporter-spotlight-kees-cook/kees.jpg#right"</span></span><span class="idiff right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> | relative_url }})](</span>)</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="10" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC10" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="11" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

11

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="11" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC11" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><big></span>The Reproducible Builds project <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">relies on several projects, supporters and sponsors</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/who/"</span> | relative_url }}) for financial support, but they are also valued as ambassadors who spread the word about our project and the work that we do.<span class="nt" style="color: navy;"></big></span></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="12" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="12" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

12

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC12" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="13" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

13

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="13" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC13" class="line" lang="markdown">This is the <span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">*eighth*</span> instalment in a series featuring the projects, companies and individuals who support the Reproducible Builds project. We started this series by <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">featuring the Civil Infrastructure Platform</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2020/10/21/supporter-spotlight-cip-project/"</span> | relative_url }}) project, and followed this up with a <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">post about the Ford Foundation</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2021/04/06/supporter-spotlight-ford-foundation/"</span> | relative_url }}) as well as recent ones about <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">ARDC</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/04/14/supporter-spotlight-ardc/"</span> | relative_url }}), the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Google Open Source Security Team (GOSST)</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/04/26/supporter-spotlight-google-open-source-security-team/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Bootstrappable Builds</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/05/18/jan-nieuwenhuizen-on-bootrappable-builds-gnu-mes-and-gnu-guix/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">the F-Droid project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/06/24/supporter-spotlight-hans-christoph-steiner-f-droid-project/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">David A. Wheeler</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/12/15/supporter-spotlight-davidawheeler-supply-chain-security/"</span> | relative_url }}) and <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Simon Butler</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2023/08/01/supporter-spotlight-simon-butler/"</span> | relative_url }}).</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="13" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC13" class="line" lang="markdown">This is the <span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">*eighth*</span> instal<span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">l</span>ment in a series featuring the projects, companies and individuals who support the Reproducible Builds project. We started this series by <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">featuring the Civil Infrastructure Platform</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2020/10/21/supporter-spotlight-cip-project/"</span> | relative_url }}) project, and followed this up with a <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">post about the Ford Foundation</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2021/04/06/supporter-spotlight-ford-foundation/"</span> | relative_url }}) as well as recent ones about <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">ARDC</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/04/14/supporter-spotlight-ardc/"</span> | relative_url }}), the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Google Open Source Security Team (GOSST)</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/04/26/supporter-spotlight-google-open-source-security-team/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Bootstrappable Builds</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/05/18/jan-nieuwenhuizen-on-bootrappable-builds-gnu-mes-and-gnu-guix/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">the F-Droid project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/06/24/supporter-spotlight-hans-christoph-steiner-f-droid-project/"</span> | relative_url }}), <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">David A. Wheeler</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2022/12/15/supporter-spotlight-davidawheeler-supply-chain-security/"</span> | relative_url }}) and <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Simon Butler</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">{{</span> <span class="nn" style="color: #555;">"/news/2023/08/01/supporter-spotlight-simon-butler/"</span> | relative_url }}).</span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC14" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="15" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="15" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC15" class="line" lang="markdown">Today, however, we will be talking with <span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><big></span><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Kees Cook**</span><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"></big></span>, FIXME.</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="16" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="15" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC15" class="line" lang="markdown">Today, however, we will be talking with <span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><big></span><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Kees Cook**</span><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"></big></span>,</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="16" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="16" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC16" class="line" lang="markdown">founder of the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Kernel Self-Protection Project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://kspp.github.io/</span><span class="p">)</span>.</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="17" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC17" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="18" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC18" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><br></span></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="19" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC19" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><br></span></span>

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<td class="diff-line-num unfold js-unfold old_line" data-linenumber="21" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">...</td>

<td class="diff-line-num unfold js-unfold new_line" data-linenumber="22" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">...</td>

<td class="line_content match" style="color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbfafd">@@ -21,15 +22,15 @@ Today, however, we will be talking with <big>**Kees Cook**</big>, FIXME.</td>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="22" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC22" class="line" lang="markdown">  of things do you work on?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="23" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC23" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="23" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="24" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC24" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Kees Cook:**</span> I'm a Free Software junkie living in Portland, Oregon, USA.</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC24" class="line" lang="markdown">I have been focusing on the upstream Linux kernel's</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC25" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">protection </span>of itself. There is a lot of support that the kernel <span class="idiff right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">giv</span>es</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="26" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

26

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

</td>

<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC26" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">for </span>userspace but when I first started focusing on this<span class="idiff right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;"> there was not</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="27" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

27

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

</td>

<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC27" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">as much work giving entire classes of bugs in the kernel itself as</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="28" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

28

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

</td>

<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC28" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">userspace itself gets</span> more hardened the kernel itself became a<span class="idiff right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;"> bigger</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="29" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

29

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

</td>

<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC29" class="line" lang="markdown">target. Almost 9 years ago I formally announced the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Kernel Self-Protection Project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://kspp.github.io/</span><span class="p">)</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="25" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

25

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC25" class="line" lang="markdown">I have been focusing on the upstream Linux kernel's<span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> protection</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="26" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

26

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC26" class="line" lang="markdown">of itself. There is a lot of support that the kernel <span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">provid</span>es</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="27" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

27

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC27" class="line" lang="markdown">userspace <span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">to defend itself, </span>but when I first started focusing on this</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="28" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

28

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC28" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">there was not as much attention given to the kernel protecting</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="29" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

29

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC29" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">itself. As userspace got</span> more hardened the kernel itself became a</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

30

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC30" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">bigger </span>target. Almost 9 years ago I formally announced the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Kernel Self-Protection Project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://kspp.github.io/</span><span class="p">)</span></span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

30

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="31" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC31" class="line" lang="markdown">because the work necessary was way more than my time and expertise could do</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="31" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

31

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="32" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

32

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC32" class="line" lang="markdown">alone. So I just try to get people to help as much as possible; people who</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="32" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

32

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="33" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC32" class="line" lang="markdown">understand the <span class="idiff left right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">arm</span> architecture, people who understand the memory management</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="33" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

</td>

<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="33" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC33" class="line" lang="markdown">understand the <span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">ARM</span> architecture, people who understand the memory management</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="34" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC34" class="line" lang="markdown">subsystem to help, people who understand how to make the kernel less buggy.</span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC35" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC36" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><br></span></span>

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<td class="line_content match" style="color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbfafd">@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ when it wasn't already their job.</td>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC76" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nt" style="color: navy;"><br></span></span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC77" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="78" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC77" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">![</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;"><span class="idiff left deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">https://placehold.co/185x140#right</span></span><span class="p"><span class="idiff deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">)</span></span><span class="idiff right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">](FIXME</span>)</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="78" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC78" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">![</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;"><span class="idiff left addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">{{</span></span><span class="idiff addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> </span><span class="nn" style="color: #555;"><span class="idiff addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;">"/images/news/supporter-spotlight-kees-cook/linux-kernel-security.png#right"</span></span><span class="idiff right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> | relative_url }})](</span>)</span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC79" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="80" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC80" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: So my understanding of some of your recent work is basically</span>

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="81" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC81" class="line" lang="markdown">defining <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">undefined behavior</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undefined_behavior</span><span class="p">)</span> in the language or compiler?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>

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<td class="line_content match" style="color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbfafd">@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ spending a bit of time on lately is looking at how defensive security work has</td>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC111" class="line" lang="markdown">challenges associated with metrics. How do you measure your defensive security</span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC112" class="line" lang="markdown">impact? You can't say "because we installed locks on the doors, 20% fewer</span>

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC113" class="line" lang="markdown">break-ins have happened." Much of our signal is always secondary or</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="113" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="114" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC113" class="line" lang="markdown">retrospective, which is frustrating: "This class of flaw was used <span class="idiff left right deletion" style="background-color: #fac5cd;">$</span>X much over</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="114" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="114" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC114" class="line" lang="markdown">retrospective, which is frustrating: "This class of flaw was used X much over</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="114" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="115" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC115" class="line" lang="markdown">the last decade so, and if we have eliminated that class of flaw and will never</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="115" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="116" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC116" class="line" lang="markdown">see it again, what is the impact?" Is the impact infinity?  Attackers will just</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="116" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="117" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC117" class="line" lang="markdown">move to the next easiest thing. But it means that exploitation gets</span>

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<td class="diff-line-num unfold js-unfold old_line" data-linenumber="161" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">...</td>

<td class="diff-line-num unfold js-unfold new_line" data-linenumber="162" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">...</td>

<td class="line_content match" style="color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbfafd">@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ The worry was that developers would come to depend on zero-initialized stack</td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="161" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="162" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC162" class="line" lang="markdown">variables, but this hasn't been the case because we still warn about</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="162" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="163" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC163" class="line" lang="markdown">uninitialized variables when the compiler can figure that out. So you still</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="163" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="164" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC164" class="line" lang="markdown">still get the warnings at compile time but now you can count on the contents of</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="164" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num old" data-linenumber="165" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #fac5cd; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#f9d7dc">

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<td class="line_content old" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#fbe9eb"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>-<span id="LC164" class="line" lang="markdown">your stack at run-time and we drop an entire class of uninitialized variables.</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="165" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="165" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">

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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC165" class="line" lang="markdown">your stack at run-time and we drop an entire class of uninitialized variable<span class="idiff left right addition" style="background-color: #c7f0d2;"> flaw</span>s.</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="165" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="166" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC166" class="line" lang="markdown">While the exploitation of this class has mostly been around memory content</span>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="166" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="167" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC167" class="line" lang="markdown">exposure, it has also been <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">used for control flow attacks</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://outflux.net/slides/2011/defcon/kernel-exploitation.pdf</span><span class="p">)</span>.</span>

</pre></td>

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<td class="old_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="167" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="new_line diff-line-num" data-linenumber="168" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #ececef; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#fbfafd">

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<td class="line_content" style="padding: inherit;"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'> <span id="LC168" class="line" lang="markdown">So that was politically and technically a large challenge: convincing people it</span>

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