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Vagrant Cascadian pushed to branch master at <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website">Reproducible Builds / reproducible-website</a>
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Commits:
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<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/5824fc3f320a1b88ab69b849352f80789540c031">5824fc3f</a></strong>
<div>
<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-08-30T14:05:43-07:00 </i>
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<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>a script of a conversation with kees, very roughest of roughest of
pre-rough drafts.
</pre>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/14271dbcc33ae0df26be44aa26d80947402e0cf8">14271dbc</a></strong>
<div>
<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-08-30T14:05:43-07:00 </i>
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<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>Interview with Kees: Typo corrections and cleanup.
</pre>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/535716d3d0bcbc09b99127c3e1c114a512756104">535716d3</a></strong>
<div>
<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-08-30T14:05:43-07:00 </i>
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<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>interview with kees. updates, links, etc.
</pre>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/f3e60f30f0a51dd82c45efd7b01c707606e9d0ec">f3e60f30</a></strong>
<div>
<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-08-30T14:05:43-07:00 </i>
</div>
<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>interview with kees: update.
</pre>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 600;"><a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/commit/e4895c3a495a8b8d3b7187293e64020a150b7569">e4895c3a</a></strong>
<div>
<span> by Vagrant Cascadian </span> <i> at 2024-08-30T14:05:43-07:00 </i>
</div>
<pre class="commit-message" style='white-space: pre-wrap; display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: #fbfafd; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid #dcdcde;'>interview with kees: updates
</pre>
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<h4 style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
1 changed file:
</h4>
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<a href="#861068a8f1868c68efd7cca82aa998be1800527b">
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+
_posts/2024-08-xx-kees.md
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<h4 style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Changes:
</h4>
<li id="861068a8f1868c68efd7cca82aa998be1800527b">
<a href="https://salsa.debian.org/reproducible-builds/reproducible-website/-/compare/7e1ebc6cfc3b4b4a72b306a6e43497e99a4e07e9...e4895c3a495a8b8d3b7187293e64020a150b7569#861068a8f1868c68efd7cca82aa998be1800527b"><strong style="font-weight: 600;">_posts/2024-08-xx-kees.md</strong></a>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC2" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">layout</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s" style="color: #d14;">post</span></span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC3" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">title</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2" style="color: #d14;">"</span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">Supporter</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;"> </span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">spotlight:</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;"> </span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">Kees</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;"> </span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">Cook</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;"> </span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">..."</span></span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC4" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">date</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s" style="color: #d14;">2024-08-14</span></span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC5" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">categories</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s" style="color: #d14;">org</span></span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC6" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="na" style="color: teal;">draft</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="kc" style="font-weight: 600;">true</span></span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC10" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant Cascadian: Could you tell me a bit about yourself? What sort</span>
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC13" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees Cook: I'm a Free Software junkie living in Portland, Oregon, USA.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="14" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
14
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC14" class="line" lang="markdown">I have been focusing on the upstream Linux kernel's</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="15" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
15
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC15" class="line" lang="markdown">protection of itself. There is a lot of support that the kernel gives</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="16" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
16
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC16" class="line" lang="markdown">for userspace but when I first started focusing on this there was not</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="17" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
17
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC17" class="line" lang="markdown">as much work giving entire classes of bugs in the kernel itself as</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="18" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
18
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC18" class="line" lang="markdown">userspace itself gets more hardened the kernel itself became a bigger</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="19" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
19
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC19" class="line" lang="markdown">target. Almost 9 years ago I formally announced the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Kernel</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="20" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
20
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC20" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Self-Protection Project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://kspp.github.io/</span><span class="p">)</span> because the work necessary was way more than</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="21" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
21
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC21" class="line" lang="markdown">my time and expertise could do alone. So I just try to get people to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="22" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
22
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC22" class="line" lang="markdown">help as much as possible; people who understand the arm architecture,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="23" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
23
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC23" class="line" lang="markdown">people who understand the memory management subsystem to help, people</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="24" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
24
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC24" class="line" lang="markdown">who understand how to make the kernel less buggy.</span>
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25
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC25" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="26" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
26
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC26" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: Could you decribe the path that lead you to working on this</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="27" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
27
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC27" class="line" lang="markdown"> sort of thing?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>
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28
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC28" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="29" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
29
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC29" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I have always been interested in security through the aspect of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="30" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
30
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC30" class="line" lang="markdown">exploitable flaws. I always thought it was like a magic trick to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="31" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
31
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC31" class="line" lang="markdown">make a computer do something that it was very much not designed to do</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="32" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
32
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC32" class="line" lang="markdown">and seeing how easy it is to subvert bugs. I wanted to improve that fragility.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="33" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
33
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC33" class="line" lang="markdown">In 2006, I started working at Canonical on Ubuntu and was mainly</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="34" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
34
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC34" class="line" lang="markdown">focusing on bringing Debian and Ubuntu up to what was the state of the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="35" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
35
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC35" class="line" lang="markdown">art for Fedora and Gentoo's security hardening efforts. Both had really pioneered a lot of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="36" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
36
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC36" class="line" lang="markdown">userspace hardening with compiler flags and ELF stuff and many</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="37" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
37
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC37" class="line" lang="markdown">other things for hardened binaries. On the whole, Debian had not really paid attention to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="38" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
38
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC38" class="line" lang="markdown">it. Debian's packaging building proces at the time was sort of a chaotic</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="39" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
39
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC39" class="line" lang="markdown">free-for-all as there wasn't centralized build methodolgy for</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="40" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
40
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC40" class="line" lang="markdown">defining things. Luckily that did slowly change over the years. In</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="41" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
41
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC41" class="line" lang="markdown">Ubuntu we had the opportunity to apply top down build rules for hardening</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="42" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
42
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC42" class="line" lang="markdown">all the packages. In 2011 Chrome OS was following along and took advantage of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="43" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
43
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC43" class="line" lang="markdown">a bunch of the security hardening work as they were based on</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="44" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
44
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC44" class="line" lang="markdown">ebuild out of Gentoo and when they looked for someone to help out</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="45" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
45
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC45" class="line" lang="markdown">they reached out to me. We recognized the Linux kernel was pretty much</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="46" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
46
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC46" class="line" lang="markdown">the weakest link in the Chrome OS security posture and I joined them to help solve that.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="47" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
47
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC47" class="line" lang="markdown">Their userspace was pretty well handled but the kernel had a lot of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="48" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
48
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC48" class="line" lang="markdown">weaknesses, so focusing on hardening was the next</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="49" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
49
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC49" class="line" lang="markdown">place to go. When I compared notes with other users of the Linux</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="50" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
50
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC50" class="line" lang="markdown">kernel within Google there were a number of common concerns and</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="51" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
51
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC51" class="line" lang="markdown">desires. Chrome OS already had an "upstream first" requirement, so I</span>
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52
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC52" class="line" lang="markdown">tried to consolidate the concerns and solve them</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="53" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
53
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC53" class="line" lang="markdown">upstream. It was challenging to land anything in other kernel team repos at Google, as they (correctly)</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="54" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
54
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC54" class="line" lang="markdown">wanted to minimize their delta from upstream, so I needed</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="55" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
55
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC55" class="line" lang="markdown">to work on any major improvements entirely in upstream and had a lot of support from Google</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="56" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
56
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC56" class="line" lang="markdown">to do that. As such, my focus shifted further from working directly on Chrome OS</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="57" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
57
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC57" class="line" lang="markdown">into being entirely upstream and being more of a consultant to internal teams, helping with integration or sometimes</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="58" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
58
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC58" class="line" lang="markdown">backporting. Since the volume of needed work was so gigantic I</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="59" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
59
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC59" class="line" lang="markdown">needed to find ways to inspire other developers (both inside and outside of Google) to help. Once I had a budget</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="60" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
60
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC60" class="line" lang="markdown">I tried to get folks paid (or hired) to work on these areas when it wasn't already their job.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="61" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
61
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC61" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="62" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
62
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC62" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: So my understanding of some of your recent work is</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="63" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
63
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC63" class="line" lang="markdown"> basically defining undefined behavior in the language or compiler?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>
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64
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC64" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="65" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
65
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC65" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I've found the term "undefined behavior" to have a really strict meaning</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="66" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
66
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC66" class="line" lang="markdown">within the compiler community, so I have tried to redefine my goal as eliminating</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="67" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
67
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC67" class="line" lang="markdown">"unexpected behavior" or "ambiguous language constructs". At the end of the day</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="68" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
68
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC68" class="line" lang="markdown">ambiguity leads to bugs, and bugs lead to exploitable security flaws. I've been taking a four-pronged approach:</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="69" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
69
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC69" class="line" lang="markdown">supporting the work</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="70" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
70
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC70" class="line" lang="markdown">people are doing to get rid of ambiguity, identify new areas where</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="71" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
71
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC71" class="line" lang="markdown">ambiguity needs to be removed, actually removing that ambiguity from the C language,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="72" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
72
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC72" class="line" lang="markdown">and then dealing with any needed refactorings in the Linux kernel</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="73" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
73
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC73" class="line" lang="markdown">source to adapt to the new constraints.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="74" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
74
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC74" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="75" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
75
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC75" class="line" lang="markdown">None of this is particularly novel; people have </span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="76" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
76
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC76" class="line" lang="markdown">recognized how dangerous some of these language constructs are for</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="77" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
77
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC77" class="line" lang="markdown">decades and decades but I think it is a combination of hard problems</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="78" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
78
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC78" class="line" lang="markdown">and a lot of refactoring that nobody</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="79" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
79
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC79" class="line" lang="markdown">has the interest/resources to do. So, we have been incrementally going after the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="80" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
80
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC80" class="line" lang="markdown">lowest hanging fruit. One clear example in recent years was the elimination of C's "implicit fall-through" in "switch" statements.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="81" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
81
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC81" class="line" lang="markdown">The language would just fall through between adjacent "case"s if a "break" (or other code flow directive) wasn't present.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="82" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
82
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC82" class="line" lang="markdown">But this is ambiguous: is the code meant to fall-through, or did the author just forget a "break" statement? By <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">defining the "fallthrough" statement</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language/attributes/fallthrough</span><span class="p">)</span>, and <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">requiring its use in Linux</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://git.kernel.org/linus/dee2b702bcf067d7b6b62c18bdd060ff0810a800</span><span class="p">)</span>, all "switch" statements now have explicit code flow, and the entire class of bugs disappeared.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="83" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
83
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC83" class="line" lang="markdown">During our refactoring we actually found that 1 in 10 added "fallthrough" statements were actually missing "break" statements. This was an extraordinarily common bug!</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="84" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
84
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC84" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="85" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
85
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC85" class="line" lang="markdown">So getting rid of that ambiguity is where we</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="86" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
86
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC86" class="line" lang="markdown">have been. Another area I've been spending a bit of time on lately is</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="87" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
87
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC87" class="line" lang="markdown">looking at how defensive security work has challenges associated with metrics. How do you measure your</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="88" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
88
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC88" class="line" lang="markdown">defensive security impact? You can't say "because we installed locks on the doors, 20% fewer break-ins have happened."</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="89" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
89
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC89" class="line" lang="markdown">Much of our signal is always secondary or retrospective, which is frustrating: "This class of flaw was used $X much over the</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="90" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
90
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC90" class="line" lang="markdown">last decade so, and if we have eliminated that class of flaw and will never see it again, what is the impact?" Is the impact infinity?</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="91" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
91
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC91" class="line" lang="markdown">Attackers will just move to the next easiest thing. But it means that exploitation gets incrementally more difficult. As attack surfaces are reduced,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="92" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
92
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC92" class="line" lang="markdown">the expense of exploitation goes up.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="93" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
93
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC93" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="94" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
94
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC94" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: So it is hard to identify how effective this is.. how bad</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="95" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
95
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC95" class="line" lang="markdown"> would it be if people just gave up?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="96" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
96
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC96" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="97" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
97
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC97" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I think it would be pretty bad, because as we have seen, using</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="98" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
98
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC98" class="line" lang="markdown">secondary factors, the work we have done in the industry at</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="99" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
99
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC99" class="line" lang="markdown">large, not just the Linux kernel, has had an impact. What we, Microsoft, Apple, and everyone</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="100" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
100
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC100" class="line" lang="markdown">else is doing for their respective software ecosystems, has shown that </span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="101" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
101
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC101" class="line" lang="markdown">the price of functional exploits in the black market has gone up. Especially for really egregious stuff like a zero-click remote code execution.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="102" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
102
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC102" class="line" lang="markdown">If those were cheap then obviously we are not doing something</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="103" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
103
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC103" class="line" lang="markdown">right, and it becomes clear that it's trivial for anyone to attack the infrastructure that</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="104" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
104
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC104" class="line" lang="markdown">our lives depend on. But thankfully we have seen over the last two</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="105" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
105
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC105" class="line" lang="markdown">decades that prices for exploits keep going up and up into millions of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="106" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
106
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC106" class="line" lang="markdown">dollars. I think it is important to keep working on that because, as a</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="107" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
107
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC107" class="line" lang="markdown">central piece of modern computer infrastructure, the Linux kernel has</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="108" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
108
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC108" class="line" lang="markdown">a giant target painted on it. If we give up, we have to accept that</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="109" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
109
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC109" class="line" lang="markdown">our computers are not doing what they were designed to do, which I</span>
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110
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC110" class="line" lang="markdown">can't accept. The safety of my grandparents shouldn't be any different</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="111" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
111
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC111" class="line" lang="markdown">from the safety of journalists, and political activists, and anyone else</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="112" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
112
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC112" class="line" lang="markdown">who might be the target of attacks. We need to be able to trust our</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="113" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
113
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC113" class="line" lang="markdown">devices otherwise why use them at all?</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="114" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
114
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC114" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="115" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
115
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC115" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Vagrant: What has been your biggest success in recent years?**</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="116" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
116
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC116" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="117" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
117
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC117" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I think with all these things I am not the only actor. Almost</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="118" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
118
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC118" class="line" lang="markdown">everything that we have been successful at has been because of a lot</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="119" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
119
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC119" class="line" lang="markdown">of people's work, and one of the big ones that has been coordinated</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="120" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
120
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC120" class="line" lang="markdown">across the ecosystem and across compilers was <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">initializing stack</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="121" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
121
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC121" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">variables to 0 by default</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://git.kernel.org/linus/f0fe00d4972a8cd4b98cc2c29758615e4d51cdfe</span><span class="p">)</span>.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="122" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
122
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC122" class="line" lang="markdown">This feature was added in</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="123" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
123
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC123" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Clang</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCommandLineReference.html#cmdoption-clang-ftrivial-auto-var-init</span><span class="p">)</span>,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="124" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
124
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC124" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">GCC</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Optimize-Options.html#index-ftrivial-auto-var-init</span><span class="p">)</span>,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="125" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
125
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC125" class="line" lang="markdown">and <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">MSVC</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://msrc.microsoft.com/blog/2020/05/solving-uninitialized-stack-memory-on-windows/</span><span class="p">)</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="126" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
126
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC126" class="line" lang="markdown">across the board even though there were a lot of fears about forking the C language.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="127" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
127
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC127" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="128" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
128
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC128" class="line" lang="markdown">The worry was that developers would come to depend on zero-intiialized stack</span>
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129
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC129" class="line" lang="markdown">variables, but this hasn't been the case because we still warn about</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="130" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
130
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC130" class="line" lang="markdown">uninitialized variables when the compiler can figure that out. So you still still get the warnings at compile</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="131" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
131
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC131" class="line" lang="markdown">time but now you can count on the contents of your stack at run-time and we drop</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="132" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
132
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC132" class="line" lang="markdown">an entire class of uninitialized variables. While the exploitation of this class has mostly been around</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="133" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
133
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC133" class="line" lang="markdown">memory content exposure, it has also been <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">used for control flow</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="134" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
134
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC134" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">attacks</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://outflux.net/slides/2011/defcon/kernel-exploitation.pdf</span><span class="p">)</span>. So that was politically and technically a large challenge:</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="135" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
135
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC135" class="line" lang="markdown">convincing people it was necessary, showing its utility, and</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="136" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
136
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC136" class="line" lang="markdown">implementing it in a way that everyone would be happy with,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="137" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
137
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC137" class="line" lang="markdown">resulting in the elimination of a large and persistant class of flaws in C.</span>
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138
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC138" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="139" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
139
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC139" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="140" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
140
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC140" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: In a world where things are generally Reproducible do you</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="141" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
141
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC141" class="line" lang="markdown"> see ways in which that might affect your work ?<span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span></span>
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142
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC142" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="143" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
143
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC143" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: One of the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="144" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
144
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC144" class="line" lang="markdown">questions I frequently get is, "What version of the Linux kernel has feature $foo?"</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="145" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
145
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC145" class="line" lang="markdown">If I know how things are built, I can answer with just a</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="146" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
146
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC146" class="line" lang="markdown">version number. In a Reproducible Build scenario I can count on the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="147" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
147
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC147" class="line" lang="markdown">compiler version, compiler flags, kernel configuration, etc. all those</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="148" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
148
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC148" class="line" lang="markdown">things are known, so I can actually answer definitively that a certain</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="149" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
149
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC149" class="line" lang="markdown">feature exists. So that is an area where Reproducible Builds affects</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="150" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
150
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC150" class="line" lang="markdown">me most directly. Indirectly, it is just being able to trust the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="151" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
151
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC151" class="line" lang="markdown">binaries you are running are going to behave the same for the same build environment is critical for sane testing.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="152" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
152
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC152" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="153" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
153
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC153" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Vagrant: Have you used diffoscope?**</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="154" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
154
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC154" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="155" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
155
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC155" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I have! One subset of treewide refactoring that we</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="156" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
156
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC156" class="line" lang="markdown">do when getting rid of ambiguious language usage in the kernel is when</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="157" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
157
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC157" class="line" lang="markdown">we have to make source level changes to satisfy some new compiler</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="158" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
158
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC158" class="line" lang="markdown">requirement but where the binary output is not expected to change at all. It</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="159" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
159
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC159" class="line" lang="markdown">is mostly about getting the compiler to understand what is happeneing,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="160" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
160
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC160" class="line" lang="markdown">what is intended in the cases where the old ambiguity does actually</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="161" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
161
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC161" class="line" lang="markdown">match the new unambiguous description of what is intended. The binary</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="162" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
162
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC162" class="line" lang="markdown">shouldn't change. We have used <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">diffoscope to compare</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://outflux.net/blog/archives/2022/06/24/finding-binary-differences/</span><span class="p">)</span> the before and after binaries to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="163" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
163
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC163" class="line" lang="markdown">confirm that "yep, there is no change in binary".</span>
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164
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC164" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="165" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
165
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC165" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: You cannot just use checksums for that?</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="166" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
166
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC166" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="167" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
167
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC167" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: For the most part, we need to only compare the text segments. We try to hold as much stable as we can, following the</span>
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168
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC168" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Reproducible Builds documentation for the kernel</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/reproducible-builds.html</span><span class="p">)</span>, but there are</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="169" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
169
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC169" class="line" lang="markdown">macros in the kernel that are sensitive to source line numbers and as</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="170" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
170
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC170" class="line" lang="markdown">a result those will change the layout of the data segment (and sometimes the text segment too). With</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="171" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
171
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC171" class="line" lang="markdown">diffoscope there's flexibility where I can exclude or include different comparisons. Sometimes I just go look at what diffoscope is</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="172" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
172
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC172" class="line" lang="markdown">doing and do that manually, because I can tweak that a little harder,</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="173" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
173
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC173" class="line" lang="markdown">but diffoscope is definitely the default. Diffoscope is awesome!</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="174" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
174
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC174" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="175" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
175
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC175" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="gs" style="font-weight: 600;">**Vagrant: Where has reproducible builds affected you?**</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="176" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
176
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC176" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="177" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
177
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC177" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: One of the notable wins of reproducible builds lately was</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="178" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
178
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC178" class="line" lang="markdown">dealing with the fallout of the XZ backdoor and just being able to ask</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="179" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
179
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC179" class="line" lang="markdown">the question "is my build environment running the expected</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="180" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
180
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC180" class="line" lang="markdown">code?" and to be able to compare the output generated from one</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="181" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
181
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC181" class="line" lang="markdown">install that never had a vulnerable XZ and one that did have a</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="182" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
182
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC182" class="line" lang="markdown">vulnerable XZ and compare the results of what you get. That was</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="183" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
183
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC183" class="line" lang="markdown">important for kernel builds because the XZ threat actor was working to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="184" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
184
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC184" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">expand their influence and capabilities to include Linux kernel</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/27db456edeb6f72e7e229c2333c5d8449718c26e.camel@16bits.net/</span><span class="p">)</span></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="185" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
185
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC185" class="line" lang="markdown">builds, but they didn't finish their work before they were noticed. I</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="186" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
186
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC186" class="line" lang="markdown">think what happened with <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">Debian proving the build infrastructure was not affected</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://lists.reproducible-builds.org/pipermail/rb-general/2024-March/003321.html</span><span class="p">)</span> is an</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="187" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
187
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC187" class="line" lang="markdown">important example of how people would have needed to verify the kernel</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="188" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
188
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC188" class="line" lang="markdown">builds too.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="189" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
189
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC189" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="190" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
190
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC190" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: What do you want to see for the near or distant future in</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="191" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
191
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC191" class="line" lang="markdown"> security work?</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="192" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
192
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC192" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="193" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
193
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC193" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: For reproducible builds in the kernel, in the work that has been</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="194" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
194
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC194" class="line" lang="markdown">going on in the <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv" style="color: teal;">ClangBuiltLinux project</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="sx" style="color: #d14;">https://clangbuiltlinux.github.io/</span><span class="p">)</span>, one of the driving forces of</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="195" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
195
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC195" class="line" lang="markdown">code and usability quality has been the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="196" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
196
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC196" class="line" lang="markdown">continuious integration work. As soon as something breaks, on the</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="197" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
197
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC197" class="line" lang="markdown">kernel side, the Clang side, or something in between the two, we get a</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="198" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
198
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC198" class="line" lang="markdown">fast signal and can chase it and fix the bugs quickly. I would like to</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="199" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
199
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC199" class="line" lang="markdown">see someone with funding to maintain a reproducible kernel build</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="200" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
200
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC200" class="line" lang="markdown">CI. There have been places where there are certain</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="201" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
201
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC201" class="line" lang="markdown">architecture configurations or certain build configuration where we lose</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="202" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
202
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC202" class="line" lang="markdown">reproducibility and right now we have sort of a standard open source</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="203" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
203
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC203" class="line" lang="markdown">development feedback loop where those things get fixed but the time</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="204" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
204
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC204" class="line" lang="markdown">in between introduction and fix can be large. Getting a CI for</span>
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<td class="old_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="0" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="205" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
205
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC205" class="line" lang="markdown">reproducible kernels would give us the opportunity to shorten that</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="206" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
206
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC206" class="line" lang="markdown">time.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="207" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
207
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC207" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="208" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
208
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC208" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: Well, thanks for that! Any last closing thoughts?</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="209" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
209
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC209" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="210" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
210
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC210" class="line" lang="markdown">Kees: I am a big fan of reproducible builds, thank you for all your</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="211" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
211
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC211" class="line" lang="markdown">work. The world is a safer place because of it.</span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="212" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
212
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC212" class="line" lang="markdown"></span>
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<td class="new_line diff-line-num new" data-linenumber="213" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(31,30,36,.24); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: inherit;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
213
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<td class="line_content new" style="padding: inherit;" bgcolor="#ecfdf0"><pre style='display: block; font-size: 14px; color: #333238; position: relative; font-family: var(--default-mono-font, "GitLab Mono"),"JetBrains Mono","Menlo","DejaVu Sans Mono","Liberation Mono","Consolas","Ubuntu Mono","Courier New","andale mono","lucida console",monospace; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word; background-color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: inherit solid #dcdcde;'>+<span id="LC213" class="line" lang="markdown"><span class="ge" style="font-style: italic;">**</span>Vagrant: likewise for your work!</span></pre></td>
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